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Well, what I was trying to say was this:

There are three continents: Europe, Africa, and Asia. They are separated by the Mediterranean Sea. The city of Rome is in Italy, which is a beautiful country. In the north are Gaul and Germania. They are in the Roman Empire. Beyond Gaul are two large islands: Britannia and Hibernia. Beyond Britannia is a cold land called Thule. In the east is Greece, with many islands. Further east is the country of the Persians. It is uncomfortably hot. Libya is south of the sea. Here, miserable barbarians drive cattle amongst the ruins of Carthage.

What I was wanting to know about esse is: is it the correct word for statements about things that are permanent, like “there are three continents”? Or do I need a different version of sum? Or should I abandon my Anglic way of thinking and find some verbs to use instead of * ahem * copulating?

This is wrong, though. It’s true that えい can be pronounced as ええ, but depending on dialect or politeness it’s quite normal to pronounce it as a diphthong えい (rhymes with “hey”).

Similarly you sometimes find です being pronounced with a distinct “u” at the end.

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depending on dialect or politeness

Is the diphthong more or less polite?

More, it’s closer to what’s actually written.

I’d still say that ええ is more common.

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That’s interesting. I would have thought that ē is a contraction of e’e, like wasn’t from was not and would therefore be less “polite”.

You’re thinking in gluttal stops again, I think :stuck_out_tongue:

In Japanese romanisation ē stands for an e sound that’s two morae long.

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Wait, we weren’t discussing glottal stops? Now I really am confused .__.

What’s the difference between ええ and えい then?

In the standard dialect, both are pronounced as a long e sound (as in “left”).

However, in some other dialects only the first is a long e and the second is a sound more like “hey”.

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I never thought about the e in left being “long” :<

What’s a short e then?

There is no long e in English, it’s the same sound as in “left”, but then twice as long (in duration).

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I never heard sensei in anime, its always sens(e)
“i” is pronounced when its adjective and in few nouns
I need video to believe

Interesting! Would you say the long e is more like in “bay” or “bear”? Or nothing like either?

Because anime uses almost exclusively the standard Tokyo dialect. I bet you’ve also never heard Kansai dialect (try this video @ 2m, they’re trying over the top to speak Kansai dialect)

I’d say it’s the right length, but “bay” is like “hey”, and “bear” is a diphthong going to some kind of “uh” sound because of the final r.

Perhaps “bay” but then in a Northern accent (say, Newcastle) would be close (not sure, but they have this long “eeh” sound).

Or the Canadian “eh”?

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Pronunciation is always interesting. For several years now I’ve been interested in “Latin accents”, because the Roman Empire was huge and had so many different second-class languages inside it.

What was a Celtic accent? What was a German accent? What was a Hebrew accent? What was an Egyptian accent? What was a Berber accent? What was, even, a Basque accent? And the cool thing is, we could reconstruct those accents by looking at the way consonants and vowels are pronounced in those languages today. For instance, it’s thought that at one stage the Latin spoken in North Africa used only short vowels under the influence of native languages.

Augustine of Hippo: “African ears have no quick perception of the shortness or length of [Latin] vowels”

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This is fascinating!

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@bugcat why are you so interested in Latin? Usually this is something that remains in the heart of who made Classical studies (as far I know there are no much countries where this is made in public schools).

This is just my curiosity because in order to learn Latin you have to gain also a quite large knowledge of the history especially of Roman Empire and classics.

Do you know? Are really few the people in the world that can speak and understand spoken Latin. I want to just remember an incredible episode happened in Rome few years ago.

One day (not an ordinary day at the Vatican: the anniversary of the Lateran pacts) Pope Ratzinger convenes a consistory for the canonization of some saints. The reunion per se is nothing extraordinary as the Pope is used to make this kind of happening one per week for different reasons. At the end of the “ordinary” meeting, however, Benedict XVI rests in his place and will begin to read a declaration, in Latin as per Vatican norm. He said he had to announce something “important for the Church”, speaking of “advanced age” (“ingravescentem aetatem”). Two non-random words, because “Ingravescentem aetatem” is the title of the document with which Pope Paul VI, in 1970, set the maximum number of cardinals at 80 years (who beyond this threshold, then reduced to 75 years, are required to consider their own resignation to the Pope). The most of the cardinals and journalists who followed the final part of the speech were getting a little bored and they - evidently - did not pay close attention to what he was saying in Latin or were not quite able to understand it (who knows?).

Only one journalist - a woman (Giovanna Chirri) who is a talented Latinist was also present. She was sent by the newspaper as the correspondent in Vatican for his declared knowledge of Latin (but no one in the editorial board made actually any exam to her since no one was able to understand such dead language and - more important - no one was interested in this boring assignment).

Well
 she was the only one among the presents who understood what Benedicto XVI was saying. For the first time in history a Pope was going to resign!

She reported later:

“«I wasn’t breathing, I felt a balloon inside my head, I think the pressure also rose. I immediately understood what was happening but I was terrified. Managing such news alone is a huge, almost dramatic responsibility.”

"Even before the Pope pronounced the renunciation formula, explained the reasons and gave indications on the beginning of the vacant seat, I understood everything. In that moment I was terrified. And when you are afraid, there is little you can do! Ratzinger’s accent, despite the German inflection, when he speaks in Latin is very clear so I understood his words very well, even if uttered in a low, almost subdued tone. I understood that the Pope had resigned but now it was a question of giving the news ».

"As soon as the Pope finished the speech I looked around in disbelief because everyone was leaving as if nothing had happened. I then looked for the director of the Holy See Press Office, Father Federico Lombardi, who called me back in a few seconds and confirmed everything. In the end I called the editorial staff. There was a very good colleague who I really struggled to convince him of the news I was giving him because I was the only one who had it! It is not easy for a colleague to be told that the Pope has just resigned and announced it in Latin ».

What a scoop! She was there, she listened, she did the checks. Even today many people don’t believe the story and they think that some good Vatican sources called her that morning to tell that the Pope would shortly resign. The reality is that probably, in that room, after the Pope the best Latinist present in the room was just Mrs. Chirri.

Funny, no?

Just a challenge for you. What do you think to translate the Pope’s announce made in that day? Probably it was the most important speech made in Latin in the last thousand years or so. :grin:

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That is just really really really REALLY not what an infinitive is for. What you wrote is There to be three continents
They to be seperated by the Med. S. The city of Rome to be in Italy. Here be prettl land. In north be Gaul and Germany. Here be in Roman Empire


Whatever happened to est and sunt?

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I wasn’t quite sure est and sunt could be used for permanent things. I got a bit confused. Won’t make that mistake again at least.

why are you so interested in Latin?

Three of my biggest interests are

  1. Linguistics and languages
  2. Classics
  3. Ancient history

So Latin ties in very nicely. Also I’ve tried to learn Latin a couple of times before so I already had the recommended textbooks.

In fact Ratzinger was probably speaking in Ecclesiastical Latin. There are some differences in pronunciation compared to Classical Latin (Ecclesiastical Latin - Wikipedia). Not as many though, it seems, as between Classical Latin and Traditional English pronunciation of Latin - Wikipedia.

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