For what it’s worth, only 2 of the top 4 Americans are naturalized: So and Dominguez-Perez. Nakamura has an American mother (and moved to the US aged 2) and Caruana was born and raised in the US (though he did swap federations to Italy for a number of years.)
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For chess education, Caruana is a bit of an half-and-half. He lived in United States for the first 12 years, then in Europe for the following 10 years, so he is the product of both Unites States and Europe chess environment.
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