Yes, they are related. Atari company’s name comes from the term atari, used while playing the ancient board game. The word atari means “to hit a target” in Japanese and is associated with good fortune; in Go, it indicates a situation where a player will be able to capture one or more stones of the opponent in the next move.
Walter Isaacson wrote a book about famous inventors in which he tells the history of the founder of Atari and also where the name Atari came from.
Read the book in Dutch, don’t know the English title.